1论文组成部分
1. 封面 (front cover)
2. 标题页（title page）
3. 目录（contents page）
4. 中英文摘要（abstracts (both in English and Chinese)）
5. 正文（text of the paper）
6. 尾注（endnotes）
7. 参考文献（bibliography）
8. 空白页（a blank page）
2论文格式
全文用A4纸打印从正文页开始设置统一的页边距2.5厘米，英文字体Times New Roman, 字号小四号(12 pt)，对齐方式两端对齐，行间距: 1.5，在每页页脚居中插入页码1, 2, 3等。
章节题目加粗。
每一段落的首行都应缩进5格或1个制表符（TAB）的距离。段落的首行缩进不得出现不一致现象。
(Student number:) 99141068
On Learning Motivations and English Language Teaching
in the 21st Century
Liu Ying
刘 英
A Paper Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of B. A. in English
School of Foreign Languages
Donghu College, Wuhan University
June, 2008
1. Contents：
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CONTENTS
1． Introduction...... ... ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..1
2． Different Motivations in English Learning... ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .2
2.1 Internal Motivation... ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .2
2.2 External Motivation ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. ..3
iii |
或
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CONTENTS
I. Introduction...... ... ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..1
II. Different Motivations in English Learning... ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . 2
1. Internal Motivation... ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .2
2. External Motivation ... ... ... .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. ..3
iii |
2. Abstract and key words
Abstract
The author argues that affect and mother tongue are the two most important factors influencing L2 learning. Affect is a starting machine that is responsible for setting the learning mechanism in motion and learning will run into difficulty if affect does not work properly. The existence of the L1 means that the L2 is not learned from scratch. No learning is required where the two languages are the same. Learning is entailed where L1-L2 differences exist and this learning become difficult as the L1 system is strengthened. Thus, effectiveness of a teaching method can be judged by its ability to overcome the barrier caused by the two factors.
Key Words: affect, mother tongue, motivation, English teaching
中文摘要
本文指出：影响外语学习最主要的因素有两个：一是情感，一是母语。情感是学习的发动机，出现障碍会导致学习的停顿。学外语并非从头开始。外语与母语相同之处不用学，要学的是不同的地方。外语与母语不同之处因母语的固化而造成外语学习困难。判断外语教学法的优劣在于看它能否有效地克服两个因素引起的学习障碍。
关键词：情感，母语，动机，英语教学
3. Body
在每页正文底端居中插入页码1, 2, 3…… 所有引文, 不管是直接还是间接引用, 必须注明出处, 加以注释。注释格式可选择以下任一种方式：
A：附注或尾注（文学题材常采用的格式）。在文中的每处引文之后插入阿拉伯数字上标，如 “He’s not so hot on economics.”(12) Elizabeth said。全篇论文的注释统一编号，并将每条注释的详细信息按出现的先后顺序集中放在正文之后的尾注页（Endnotes Page）。
B：夹注 (语言学或教学法题材常采用的格式)。
我们推荐采用现代语言学会论文格式（Modern Language Association Style, MLA）。MLA论文格式中的引文不使用尾注或脚注形式而采用文中夹注形式（Parenthetical citations）。即在文中直接或间接引用的引文后面插入单括号，标明引文出处，包括作者姓名（英文作者只注姓）、作品出版年和引文页码，如：
Motivation is a key element in English learning (Nunan 1990:58).
Nunan (1990:58) argues that motivation is a key element in English learning.
Nunan (1990:58) once said: “Motivation is a key element in English learning.”
Some researchers agreed that the gorilla Koko acquired language more slowly than a normal speaking child (Patterson & Linden 1997: 83-90).
Language is a social product (Zhao Yuanren 1968:21).
引文
直接引文在四行以下的在引语前后加引号“ ”，不需提行；直接引文超过四行的，必须另起一段，不用引号，另起一段的引语，用单行(Single Space)打印或缩排(Indent)，如：
We can find the theoretical assumption of the process approach from constructivism. The constructivism experts exclaim:
Learning is better or more effective when teachers use constructivist-teaching methods, like culturing and keying bacteria as opposed to lecturing. Many executives are discovering that personality clashes are affecting their business. They are hiring experts to analyze the communicative styles of their personnel management, environmental control, as well as initiative explosion. To better the comprehension of constructive-teaching methods...
(Winitzky and Kauchak 1997:62)
4. （Endnotes 或ENDNOTES）
以附注形式进行处理的引文需要在此页注明详细信息。其格式为:
(1) Allen Waters, American Rights (New York: Macmillan, 1960), p.180. (一个作者)
(2) Giles W. Gray and Glaude M. Wise, The Bases of Speech (New York: Harper, 1959), p. 322. (两个或两个以上作者)
(3) Harry Levin, “Literature as an Institution,” in Literary Opinion in America, ed. Morton Dauwen Zahel (New York: Harper, 1951), pp. 658-59. (一本书中的一篇文章)
(4) Stewort Gustman, “Mass Communication and Anthology,” College English, 38 (1977), 635. (杂志期刊上的文章)
5. Works Cited
Works Cited
Gray, Giles W., and Glaude W. Wise. The Bases of Speech. New York: Harper, 1959. (两个或两个以上作者)
“How to Save Energy”. Newsweek, April 1977（18）：70-80. (杂志期刊上未署名的文章)
Littlewood, Ruied. “The Affective Factors in Second Language Learning”. Harper’s, 1997(8): 123-130. (杂志期刊上的署名文章)
Waters, Allen. American Rights. New York: Macmillan, 1960. (一个作者)
Whittemerl, Reed. “The Newspeak Generation”. 1977. www.yahoo.com \ mid.cn \ onrhetoric.htm (Internet网上的署名文章)
Lynch, Tim. "DSN Trials and Tribble-ations Review." Psi Phi: Bradley's Science Fiction Club. 1996. Bradley University. 8 Oct. 1997. <http://www.bradley.edu/campusorg/psiphi/DS9/ep/503r.html>.
互联网上的报纸与杂志文章
Andreadis, Athena. "The Enterprise Finds Twin Earths Everywhere It Goes, But Future Colonizers of Distant Planets Won't Be So Lucky." Astronomy Jan. 1999: 64. Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe. B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library, Brookville, NY. 7 Feb. 1999. <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe>.
6. blank page
MLA：
Stewart, Donald C. “What Is an English Major, and What Should It Be?” College Composition and Communication 40 (1989): 188-202.
Brownell, Hiram H., and Heather H. Potter. “Inference Deficits in Right-Brain Damaged Patients.” Brain and Language 27 (1986): 310-21.
Mascia-Lees, Frances E., Pat Sharpe, and Colleen B. Cohen. “Double Liminality and the Black Woman Writer.” American Behavioral Scientist 31 (1987): 101-14.
Graff, Gerald. Professing Literature: An Institutional History. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1987.
如果在英文撰写的论文中引用中文著作或者期刊，括号夹注中只需用汉语拼音标明作者的姓氏（见第3.1.1节），相应的，参考文献著录的条目必须按作者姓氏汉语拼音的字母顺序与英文文献的条目一同排列。条目中凡正文中未加引用的内容均不必翻译。例如：
MLA：
Zhang, Zhijian. [张志健]，严复思想研究. 桂林：广西师大出版社，1989
Yu, Yongding. [余永定]，财政稳定问题研究的一个理论框架. 世界经济，2005，（7）：25-29
Wang, Mingliang. [王明亮]，关于中国学术期刊标准数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL]. http://www.cajcd.edu.cn，1998-08-16/1999-10-04
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